Detox, or detoxification, is the medically supervised process of clearing alcohol or drugs from the body and managing withdrawal symptoms.(Source) When someone develops a substance use disorder, their brain and body adapt to the presence of the substance and begin to rely on it to function.

When use suddenly stops or is sharply reduced, the nervous system becomes overactive, leading to withdrawal symptoms such as nausea, sweating, tremors, anxiety, insomnia, and, in severe cases, seizures or hallucinations.(Source) For some substances, especially alcohol and certain sedatives, quitting “cold turkey” without medical support can be dangerous or even fatal.(Source)

Detox can take place in several settings, including outpatient programs, dedicated detox centers, and residential treatment facilities. For people with moderate to severe withdrawal risk, co‑occurring medical or mental health conditions, or a history of complicated withdrawal, inpatient or residential detox is usually recommended so that vital signs and symptoms can be closely monitored.(Source)

In a medically supervised detox, physicians and nurses track symptoms, provide supportive care such as fluids and nutrition, and prescribe medications to reduce discomfort and lower the risk of complications. This support helps stabilize the body so that the person can move on to the next phase of treatment, such as residential rehab, intensive outpatient care, or ongoing medication-assisted treatment.(Source)