Cocaine is a fast-acting stimulant drug made from the leaves of the South American coca plant. It is classified in the United States as a Schedule II controlled substance, meaning it has a high potential for abuse but can be used legally in very limited medical situations, such as certain ear, nose, and throat procedures.(Source)

In its most common form, cocaine appears as a fine, white powder that is typically snorted, rubbed on the gums, or dissolved and injected. A smokeable form known as crack cocaine is processed into small, rock-like crystals that are heated and inhaled.(Source)

On the street, cocaine is often called coke, snow, blow, or powder. It is frequently mixed (or “cut”) with substances like cornstarch, talcum powder, baking soda, or local anesthetics such as lidocaine or procaine to increase profits. Cocaine is also sometimes combined with other drugs like amphetamines or heroin, which can significantly increase the risk of overdose.(Source)

In recent years, fentanyl—a powerful synthetic opioid—has increasingly been found in cocaine supplies across the United States. Even a small amount of fentanyl can cause a life-threatening overdose, especially for someone who does not regularly use opioids.(Source)