Crystal meth is another name for methamphetamine, a powerful Schedule II stimulant that affects the central nervous system and is illegal when used without a prescription.(Source) It was originally developed in the early 20th century and was once used in nasal decongestants and bronchial inhalers, but today its medical use is limited to very specific conditions and doses under close supervision.(Source)

Illicit meth is usually produced in illegal labs and sold as a white powder or as clear, glass-like crystals that may have a bluish tint, often called “crystal,” “ice,” or “glass.”(Source) People typically smoke, snort, swallow, or inject meth. No matter how it is taken, meth rapidly enters the bloodstream and brain, causing a powerful rush of euphoria, energy, and confidence.

Meth is highly addictive because it causes a large and rapid release of dopamine, a brain chemical involved in reward, motivation, and pleasure.(Source) This dopamine surge is much stronger than what the brain experiences from natural rewards like food or social connection. Over time, the brain adapts by reducing its own dopamine production and sensitivity, which makes it harder to feel pleasure from anything other than the drug.(Source)

As tolerance builds, a person needs more meth, or more frequent use, to feel the same effects. This cycle of chasing the high, combined with intense cravings and withdrawal symptoms when not using, is what drives meth addiction.